Category Ontology & Knowledge Representation

Ontology & Knowledge Representation

BORO Methodology: Origins and Evolution

Reading Time: 3 minutesThe BORO methodology, or Business Object Reference Ontology, is a structured approach to ontology engineering and data modeling. Developed to address inconsistencies in enterprise information systems, BORO provides a clear framework for representing concepts, relationships, and entities across business domains. Over time, it has evolved into a widely recognized method for creating precise and reusable […]

Ontology & Knowledge Representation

Upper Ontology: SUMO, Cyc, and BORO

Reading Time: 4 minutesAn upper ontology provides the backbone of knowledge representation. Unlike domain ontologies, which focus on specific fields such as medicine or law, an upper ontology defines the most general categories of reality—objects, events, processes, and their relations. This common framework allows researchers, computer scientists, and businesses to integrate diverse data sources under a unified structure. […]